Patellofemoral syndrome management includes which of the following?

• A. NSAIDs and strengthening and stretching exercises
• B. Rest and ice only
• C. Corticosteroid injection
• D. Surgery

Answer: (A)

Managing patellofemoral pain centers on relieving symptoms while correcting the mechanics that drive patellar tracking. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs help with pain and inflammation, especially in the short term. But the mainstay is a structured rehabilitation program that strengthens and coordinates the muscles around the knee and hip to improve patellar tracking. Focused strengthening of the quadriceps, particularly the vastus medialis obliquus, along with hip abductors and external rotators, helps control the patella during knee bending and activities like climbing stairs or squatting. This is paired with targeted stretching of tight structures such as the iliotibial band, hamstrings, and calves to reduce excessive lateral pull on the patella.

Activity modification and a gradual return-to-work or sports plan are important to avoid aggravating overuse. Ice can be used for symptomatic relief, but it’s not a standalone treatment. Corticosteroid injections are not routinely used for patellofemoral syndrome due to limited long-term benefit and potential risks. Surgery is considered only after exhaustive conservative therapy has failed, typically over several months.